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Topical Permethrin Exposure Causes Thymic Atrophy and Persistent Inhibition of the Contact Hypersensitivity Response in C57BI/6 Mice

Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA

Bonnie J. Smith

Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA

Benny L. Blaylock

College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, USA

John L. Robertson

Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA

Robert M. Gogal, Jr.

Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA

M. Renee Prater

Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA

Janice Longstreth

The Institute for Global Risk Research, LLC, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

Hubert L. Snodgrass

U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine, Health Effects Research Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, USA

Steven D. Holladay

Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA

Permethrin was applied to the shaved dorsal interscapular region of female C57B1/6 mice at doses of 0.5 or 1.5 1/day in corn oil and neat 5.0 1/day. These doses corresponded to approximately 22, 66, and 220 mg/kg/day topical permethrin. Mice were exposed in this manner either daily for 10 or 30 consecutive days, or every other day for 7 or 14 exposures. Body weight was not affected by any of the treatment regimens. However, thymic weight was decreased and splenic weight was increased by 1.5 or 5.0 1 permethrin/day, 2 days after termination of 10 consecutive days of topical chemical exposure. Cell surface antigen expression did not change in any treatment group on thymocytes (CD4, CD8), splenocytes (CD45R, Thy 1.2), or bone marrow cells (CD45, CD45R). A persistent, dose-related inhibition of the contact hypersensitivity (CH) response occurred in mice at all exposure levels of permethrin tested.

Key Words: Contact Hypersensitivity • Immune Suppression • Immunotoxicity • Permethrin

International Journal of Toxicology, Vol. 19, No. 6, 383-389 (2000)
DOI: 10.1080/109158100750058730


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