This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Wilson, S. C. Articles by Straus, D. C. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Wilson, S. C. Articles by Straus, D. C. Social Bookmarking                         What's this?

Efficacy of Chlorine Dioxide as a Gas and in Solution in the Inactivation of Two Trichothecene Mycotoxins

Center for Indoor Air Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA

Correspondence: Address correspondence to S. C. Wilson, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, TTUHSC 3601 4th Street, MS 6591, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA. E-mail:Stephen.Wilson{at}ttuhsc.edu

The efficacy of chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) in detoxifying two potential bioterrorism agents, the trichothecene mycotoxins verrucarin A and roridin A, was evaluated. In the first experiment, verrucarin A (1, 5, or 10 µg) and roridin A (5 or 10 µg) were each inoculated onto square-inch sections of glass, paper, and cloth and exposed to 1000 ppm of ClO₂ for either 24 or 72 h at room temperature. In the second experiment, verrucarin A and roridin A (1 or 2 ppm in water) were treated with 200, 500, or 1000 ppm ClO₂ for up to 116 h at room temperature in light and dark conditions (N = 9 per treatment for test and control). A yeast assay using Kluyveromyces marxianus was used to quantify the toxicity of verrucarin A and roridin A. Additionally, high-performance liquid chromatography was performed on selected samples. Results for the first experiment showed that ClO₂ treatment had no detectable effect on either toxin. For the second experiment, both toxins were completely inactivated at all tested concentrations in as little as 2 h after treatment with 1000 ppm ClO₂. For verrucarin A, an effect was seen at the 500 ppm level, but this effect was not as strong as that observed at the 1000 ppm level. Roridin A toxicity was decreased after treatment with 200 and 500 ppm ClO₂, but this was not significant until the 24-h exposure time was reached. These data show that ClO₂ (in solution) can be effective for detoxification of roridin A or verrucarin A at selected concentrations and exposure times.

Key Words: Bioterrorism • Chlorine Dioxide • Detoxification • Mycotoxins • Trichothecene

International Journal of Toxicology, Vol. 24, No. 3, 181-186 (2005)
DOI: 10.1080/10915810590953437


CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter    What's this?