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International Journal of Toxicology
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Final Amended Report on the Safety Assessment of Ammonium Thioglycolate, Butyl Thioglycolate, Calcium Thioglycolate, Ethanolamine Thioglycolate, Ethyl Thioglycolate, Glyceryl Thioglycolate, Isooctyl Thioglycolate, Isopropyl Thioglycolate, Magnesium Thioglycolate, Methyl Thioglycolate, Potassium Thioglycolate, Sodium Thioglycolate, and Thioglycolic Acid

Christina L. Burnett, BS, MS
Wilma F. Bergfeld, MD
Donald V. Belsito, MD
Curtis D. Klaassen, PhD
James G. Marks, Jr, MD
Ronald C. Shank, PhD
Thomas J. Slaga, PhD
Paul W. Snyder, DVM, PhD
Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel
F. Alan Andersen, PhD

Technical writer, Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CLB); Member, Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel (WFB, DVB, CDK, JGM, RCS, TJS, PWS); and Director, Cosmetic Ingredient Review (FAA), Washington, DC.

Correspondence: Please address correspondence to Christina L. Burnett, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, 1101 17th Street, NW, Suite 412, Washington, DC 20036.cirinfo{at}cir-safety.org.

This safety assessment includes Ammonium and Glyceryl Thioglycolate and Thioglycolic Acid Butyl, Calcium, Ethanolamine, Ethyl, Isooctyl, Isopropyl, Magnesium, Methyl, Potassium, and Sodium Thioglycolate, as used in cosmetics. Thioglycolates penetrate skin and distribute to the kidneys, lungs, small intestine, and spleen; excretion is primarily in urine. Thioglycolates were slightly toxic in rat acute oral toxicity studies. Thioglycolates are minimal to severe ocular irritants. Thioglycolates can be skin irritants in animal and in vitro tests, and can be sensitizers. A no-observable-adverse-effect level for reproductive and developmental toxicity of 100 mg/kg per day was determined using rats. Thioglycolates were not mutagenic, and there was no evidence of carcinogenicity. Thioglycolates were skin irritants in some clinical tests. Clinically significant adverse reactions to these ingredients used in depilatories are not commonly seen, suggesting current products are formulated to be practically nonirritating under conditions of recommended use. Formulators should take steps necessary to assure that current practices are followed.

Key Words: ammonium thioglycolate • cosmetics • safety

International Journal of Toxicology, Vol. 28, No. 4 Suppl, 68-133 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/1091581809339890
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