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International Journal of Toxicology
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Perinatal Immunotoxicity of Benzene Toward Mouse B Cell Development

Daniel Wierda

Lilly Research Laboratories P.O. Box 708 Greenfield, IN 46140

Andrew G. King

Lilly Research Laboratories P.O. Box 708 Greenfield, IN 46140

Robert W. Luebke

Lilly Research Laboratories P.O. Box 708 Greenfield, IN 46140

Mark J. Reasor

Lilly Research Laboratories P.O. Box 708 Greenfield, IN 46140

Ralph J. Smialowicz

Lilly Research Laboratories P.O. Box 708 Greenfield, IN 46140

Benzene is widely used by chemical industries and exposure to benzene has been shown experimentally to be immunotoxic in adult animals. This study addressed whether exposure of fetuses in utero to benzene compromises the development of fetal B lymphopoiesis and whether B-lymphocyte development recovers postnatally. Pregnant BALB/C dams were given intraperitoneal injections of benzene (100 mg/kg, twice daily) from day 12.5 of gestation through day 19.5 of gestation. Phenotypic analysis revealed that fetal liver cell suspensions from embryos exposed in utero contained fewer pre-B cells and B cells than corresponding controls. Fetal liver cell cultures established from these embryos also produced fewer B cells. In contrast, levels of pre-B cells were elevated in the livers of 8-day-old neonates that had been exposed to benzene in utero. Moreover, responsiveness to the B-cell mitogen, LPS, was significantly decreased in spleen cell cultures derived from these neonates. These results indicate that in utero exposure to high concentrations of benzene alters fetal B lymphopoiesis and may compromise immune responsiveness postnatally.

International Journal of Toxicology, Vol. 8, No. 5, 981-996 (1989)
DOI: 10.3109/10915818909018060
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